Talk:India Statistics

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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 29) Embryology India Statistics. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Talk:India_Statistics

2015

Seroprevalence and Influence of Torch Infections in High Risk Pregnant Women: A Large Study from South India

J Obstet Gynaecol India. 2015 Oct;65(5):301-9. doi: 10.1007/s13224-014-0615-3. Epub 2014 Oct 29.

Prasoona KR1, Srinadh B1, Sunitha T1, Sujatha M1, Deepika ML1, Vijaya Lakshmi B1, Ramaiah A2, Jyothy A1.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The increased complications to the mother and fetus during or after pregnancy and birth are often caused by a wide array of pathogenic organisms mostly belonging to the TORCH group [toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV)]. These agents cause asymptomatic or mild infection in the mother while serious consequences in fetus. The present study was aimed to find significant etiological pathogens in the causation of high risk pregnancy (HRP) in South Indian population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 1,158 HRP women (2010-2013) from Modern Government Maternity Hospital, Hyderabad were considered. Two milliliter of blood was obtained and the serum was analyzed for IgG and IgM antibodies against TORCH agents by ELISA. RESULTS: Twenty-five percent of the study group had fetal congenital malformation in the present pregnancy (Group 1; N = 291) while 75 % showed bad obstetric history (BOH) (Group 2; N = 867). Maternal age of ≤25 years, primi gravida, and consanguinity showed predisposing role for Group 1 while maternal age ≥30 years and ≥ 3 gravida were contributing risk for Group 2. The seropositvity in HRP women for toxoplasma, rubella, CMV, and HSV was 28, 84, 92, and 61 %, respectively for IgG while it was 6, 3, 4, and 3 % for IgG + IgM. Total seropositvity of toxoplasma, rubella, CMV, and HSV in Group 1 was 29, 97, 97, and 62 % while it was 36, 84, 97, and 65 % in Group 2, respectively. CONCLUSION: Maternal age of ≤25 years, primi gravida, and consanguinity contributed to fetal congenital malformation in the present pregnancy while maternal age of ≥30 years and ≥ 3 gravida towards BOH. Toxoplasma is protective while rubella and CMV are the infectious agents for HRP. Among the groups, toxoplasma and rubella conferred a predisposing risk towards Group 2 and Group 1, respectively. Sixty-one percent seropositvity of HSV in relation to bad obstetric outcome is the highest prevalence reported so far in India. KEYWORDS: Bad obstetric history; Congenital malformations; High-risk pregnancy; IgG; IgM; TORCH infections

PMID 26405399

2010

Incidence of cleft Lip and palate in the state of Andhra Pradesh, South India

Indian J Plast Surg. 2010 Jul;43(2):184-9.

Reddy SG, Reddy RR, Bronkhorst EM, Prasad R, Ettema AM, Sailer HF, Bergé SJ.

SourceGSR Institute of Craniofacial Surgery, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Abstract OBJECTIVE:To assess the incidence of cleft lip and palate defects in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India.DESIGN SETTING:The study was conducted in 2001 in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. The state has a population of 76 million. Three districts, Cuddapah, Medak and Krishna, were identified for this study owing to their diversity. They were urban, semi-urban and rural, respectively. Literacy rates and consanguinity of the parents was elicited and was compared to national averages to find correlations to cleft births. Type and side of cleft were recorded to compare with other studies around the world and other parts of India.RESULTS:The birth rate of clefts was found to be 1.09 for every 1000 live births. This study found that 65% of the children born with clefts were males. The distribution of the type of cleft showed 33% had CL, 64% had CLP, 2% had CP and 1% had rare craniofacial clefts. Unilateral cleft lips were found in 79% of the patients. Of the unilateral cleft lips 64% were left sided. There was a significant correlation of children with clefts being born to parents who shared a consanguineous relationship and those who were illiterate with the odds ratio between 5.25 and 7.21 for consanguinity and between 1.55 and 5.85 for illiteracy, respectively.CONCLUSION:The birth rate of clefts was found to be comparable with other Asian studies, but lower than found in other studies in Caucasian populations and higher than in African populations. The incidence was found to be similar to other studies done in other parts of India. The distribution over the various types of cleft was comparable to that found in other studies.

PMID 21217978

General Statistics

Age structure

Median age

Population growth rate

Birth rate

Death rate

Sex ratio

Infant mortality rate

Life expectancy at birth

Total fertility rate

Age structure

Median age

Population growth rate

Birth rate

Death rate

Sex ratio

Infant mortality rate


Life expectancy at birth

Total fertility rate

HIV/AIDS

Ethnic groups

Data: The World Factbook India