File:Hematopoietic and stromal cell differentiation.jpg

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Hematopoietic and Stromal Cell Differentiation

Cartoon showing the origin of different connective tissue cells from a common stem cell population lying within the bone marrow.

Not the diagram does not show that the monocyte progenitor cell also gives rise to dendritic cells and that both committed progenitor cells (monocyte and dendritic) form in the bone marrow.


Links: Stem Cells | Blood Development | bone marrow | Bone Development


Terms

  • haematocrit - The percentage by volume of red blood cells in whole blood.
  • haematopoietic stem cell - (HSC) The stem cell population that generates (haemopoiesis) all the cells found in blood (red blood cells and white blood cells). In the embryo these stem cells are mesoderm in origin, initially in the yolk sac mesoderm, then the liver and other organs, finally residing in the bone marrow.
  • haemopoiesis - The term used to describe the process of blood cell formation/differentiation from blood stem cells. In the embryo, this is mainly red blood cell formation which begins in the yolk sac mesoderm, then the liver and other organs finally residing in the bone marrow.
  • osteoblast - The mesenchymal stem cell that form an osteoprogenitor cell differentiate to an osteoblast that form the cellular component of bone and produce the bone matrix. Osteoblast mature to form osteocytes. Pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells are the common mesenchymal progenitor for several different cell types including: osteoblasts, chondroblasts, muscle, bone marrow stromal cells and adipocytes.
  • stromal cell - (Greek, stroma = "a cover, table-cloth, bedding") Histological term used to describe connective tissue supportive cells within an organ, tissue or structure. The term is often paired with parenchyma, which describes the functional cells of an organ, tissue or structure. All organs can therefore be loosely functionally divided into these 2 components, stromal/parenchymal.


Bone Marrow Histology: Blood Development | Marrow overview | Megakaryocyte | Megakaryocyte detail | Myelocyte | Normoblast | Reticulocyte | Blood Histology | Bone Development | Category:Blood


Blood Histology: Blood Development | Blood Cell Number Table | Lymphocyte 1 | Lymphocyte 2 | Lymphocyte 3 | Lymphocyte 4 | Monocyte 1 | Monocyte 2 | Monocyte 3 | Monocyte 4 | Neutrophils 1 | Neutrophil 2 | Neutrophil 3 | Neutrophil 4 | Eosinophil 1 | Eosinophil 2 | labeled Neutrophil and Eosinophil | unlabeled - Neutrophil and Eosinophil | Basophil 1 | Basophil 2 | Basophil 3 | Platelet 1 | Platelet 2 | Reticulocyte | Megakaryocyte | Movie | Bone Marrow Histology | Category:Blood
Blood Cells  
Adult human blood cell numbers shown in the table below is for reference purposes.

Blood Cell Numbers

The adult ranges of cells / 1 litre (l), total blood volume is about 4.7 to 5 litres. Blood Development | Blood Histology

Red Blood Cells

  • Male: 4.32 - 5.66 x 1012/l
  • Female: 3.88 - 4.99 x 1012/l

Leukocytes (white blood cells)

  • Male: 3.7 - 9.5 x 109/l
  • Female: 3.9 - 11.1 x 109/l

Granulocytes

  • 1.8 - 8.9 x 109/l
    • Neutrophils: 1.5 - 7.4 x 109/l
    • Eosinophils: 0.02 - 0.67 x 109/l
    • Basophils: 0 - 0.13 x 109/l

Non-Granulocytes

  • Monocytes 0.21 - 0.92 x 109/l

Lymphocytes

  • 1.1 - 3.5 x 109/l
    • B-cells: 0.06 - 0.66 x 109/l
    • T-cells: 0.77 - 2.68 x 109/l
      • CD4+: 0.53 - 1.76 x 109/l
      • CD8+: 0.30 - 1.03 x 109/l
    • NK cells: 0.20 - 0.40 x 109/l

Platelets

  • 140 - 440 x 109/l
    • not a cell, a cell fragment.


Copyright

© 2001 Terese Winslow (assisted by Lydia Kibiuk) Images are for educational purposes only and cannot be reproduced electronically or in writing without permission. Terese Winslow LLC

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