Embryology for K12 Students

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Introduction

This is page has been made to help the younger student (from K to 12) understand some of the basics of how an embryo grows.

<html5media height="384" width="352">File:Human development 001.mp4</html5media>

Click Here to play on mobile device

Cartoon of Human Development
This movie covers the 9 months of human development. Starting after fertilization and ending with the fetus just before birth.

The movie also shows how the embryo attaches to the mother's uterus (right) and how the placenta forms.

The movie near the end shows only the fetus.


In the first trimester (1-3 months) we call development an embryo (embryonic) and in the second trimester (4-6 months) and third trimester (7-9 months) we call development a fetus (fetal).


See also Animal Life Cycles and some student Embryology Questions


K12 Links: Start Here | Week 1 | Week 2 | Week 3 | Week 4 | Week 5 to 8 | Arms and Legs | Heart | Fetus | Brain Growth | Eyes and Ears | Animal Development Times | Humans and Animal Embryology | Comparative Embryology | Thalidomide

Start Here

Chicken embryo at 12 days

In humans, the growth of a baby inside a mother takes about 9 months.

In chickens, mice and rats this growth only takes about 3 weeks.

Question: How long does it take for cats and dogs to develop? (Dogs)
  • During this time a single cell will grow into many different cell types with different shapes and jobs to do in the body.
  • A similar development process will occur in all different embryos.
  • In humans, many important changes occur in the first few weeks of development and much of the following 9 months is growth.


Dog Cat Mouse Chicken Pig Rabbit Frog
Dog-adult.jpg Cat 6 toes.jpg
Mouse.jpg
Chick icon.jpg Sow and piglet.jpg Rabbit.jpg Frog-icon.png
The table below shows the development time for a large number of different animals, ranging from the opossum at 12 days to the elephant at 660 days.
Animal Development Time 

Animal Average Days
Bear (Black) 210
Bison 270
Budgerigar 18
Camel 410
cat 65
cow 281
chicken 21
Chimpanzee 236
Chinchilla 111
Coyote 63
deer (Mule) 200
dog 63
Donkey 365
Duck 28
Duck (Muscovy) 35
elephant 660
Elk, Wapiti 255
Ferret 42
Finch 14
Fox 52
Giraffe 425
goat 150
Goose 28
Gorilla 270
Guinea fowl 28
guinea pig 68
Hare 36
Hippopotamus 240
horse 338
Human 274
Leopard 95
Lion 108
Llama 350
Marmoset 150
Mink (European) 41
monkey (Macaque) 180
Moose 240
mouse 20
Muskox 255
Muskrat 29
Nutria, Coypu 130
opossum 12
Otter 285
Panther 90
Parrot 26
Pheasant 24
Pig 114
Pigeon 18
Porcupine 210
Pronghorn 230
Quail 16
rabbit 31
Raccoon 63
rat 21
Reindeer 225
Rhinoceros (African) 480
Seal 330
sheep 150
Shrew 20
Skunk 63
Squirrel (Gray) 40
Swan 35
Tapir 390
Tarsier 182
Tiger 103
Turkey 28
Walrus 450
whale (Sperm) 450
Wolf 63
Woodchuck 31
Animal Notes and Table Data Sources
  • Each animal species has different variations +/- the average values shown in the table.
  • Gestation is the carrying of an animal embryo or fetus inside a female viviparous animal. Except in the case of human gestational age GA.
  • Incubation is the laying of an egg (birds, reptiles, monotremes) with development occurring outside the female animal.


See also - Timeline Comparisons

Animal Development: axolotl | bat | cat | chicken | cow | dog | dolphin | echidna | fly | frog | goat | grasshopper | guinea pig | hamster | horse | kangaroo | koala | lizard | medaka | mouse | opossum | pig | platypus | rabbit | rat | salamander | sea squirt | sea urchin | sheep | worm | zebrafish | life cycles | development timetable | development models | K12
Historic Embryology  
1897 Pig | 1900 Chicken | 1901 Lungfish | 1904 Sand Lizard | 1905 Rabbit | 1906 Deer | 1907 Tarsiers | 1908 Human | 1909 Northern Lapwing | 1909 South American and African Lungfish | 1910 Salamander | 1951 Frog | Embryology History | Historic Disclaimer


Additional Data Sources

  • Theiler K. The House Mouse: Atlas of Mouse Development (1972, 1989) Springer-Verlag, NY. Online
  • Witschi E. Rat Development. In: Growth Including Reproduction and Morphological Development. (1962) Altman PL. and Dittmer DS. ed. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol., Washington DC, pp. 304-314.
  • The Genetics of the Dog. E Ostrander, E. and Ruvinsky, A. ISBN: 9781845939403 (2012)
  • Merck Veterinary Manual. Aiello, S.E. and Moses, M.A. (ed) ISBN: 0911910506 (2013) Online
  • Witschi, E. (1962) Development: Rat. In: Growth Including Reproduction and Morphological Development. Altman, P. L. , and D. S. Dittmer, ed. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol., Washington DC, pp. 304-314.


Now follow the growth and changes in the human embryo over time.

Next: Week 1

Mouse CT axes E11.5.jpg

Mouse Embryo at 11.5 days (Views of front, right, back and left)

Teachers Note

Author Comments  
Mark Hill.jpg K12 pages are prepared for students of primary and secondary education.
  • Note that some content on other content pages may not be suitable for young students. All suitable pages have Category:K12 at the bottom of the page.
  • First, use the browser "View" option to zoom in once or twice to make the print larger.
  • It is also difficult to make notes suitable to cover the entire K -12 age group.
  • For younger students I suggest showing the movies of embryo growth and other movies Movies.
  • Also the Animal Development pages have many pictures of different animal embryos.
  • These notes are still not yet complete. I am looking for teachers who would like to contribute some suitable content.
  • More? K12 Professional Development 2014

Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 19) Embryology Embryology for K12 Students. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Embryology_for_K12_Students

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© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G