Cardiac Embryology

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Embryology - 19 Mar 2024    Facebook link Pinterest link Twitter link  Expand to Translate  
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Cardiac Embryology ILP Watermark.jpg
Cardiac Embryology     Begin Basic     Begin Intermediate     Begin Advanced  


This website is an educational resource designed to teach human cardiac embryology and is a Medicine ILP project carried out by Phoebe Norville. Heart development represents an important area of both embryological and clinical studies, predominantly due to the high incidence of congenital heart disease in the community. Therefore this website aims to teach cardiac embryology to students of all ages with varying degrees of knowledge in the area. The module contains three different levels:

  • Basic - begin here if you are new to heart embryology (high school level)
  • Intermediate - begin here if you have some background in heart embryology (university level)
  • Advanced - begin here after you have completed the earlier levels and have a good background in heart embryology (university level)

Your initial knowledge level determines your start level. Each level is then divided into a sequence of units/pages that roughly correspond to the sequence of heart development. The more detailed, the more pages; basic level has only 3 units, intermediate has 7 units, and the advanced module has 9 units. You can work through each level in sequence or jump to a more detailed level within each unit.

Advanced Heart Development Timeline.jpg

Navigation

Each unit also has two sets of navigation panels and a timeline, to help work through the cardiac embryology modules.

Top navigation panel

This panel allows you to easily move between pages within the same level or to jump to the beginning of a different level; green is the basic module, yellow the intermediate, and red the advanced.

  Begin Basic     Primitive Heart Tube     Embryonic Heart Divisions     Vascular Heart Connections  
Cardiac Embryology     Begin Basic     Begin Intermediate     Begin Advanced  
Bottom navigation panel

This panel allows you to easily move through the information sequentially as well as moving to the same content in a different level of complexity.

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Timelines

A timeline will appear at the top of each page to help you understand the order and context of the events occurring in cardiac embryology.

Basic Heart Development Timeline.jpg


Many of the concepts taught in embryology are best represented with animations or diagrams. Most of the pictures appear in the units as thumbnails. To see the images more clearly simply click on the picture which will take you to the original-sized version. To return to the module simply click the back button in your browser window.

Basic module

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  1. The Primitive Heart Tube
  2. Divisions of the Embryonic Heart
  3. Vascular Connections to the Embryonic Heart

Intermediate module

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  1. Primordial Heart Tube
  2. Looping of the Heart Tube
  3. Atrial and Ventricular Septation
  4. Development of the Outflow Tract
  5. Development of Heart Valves
  6. Abnormalities of Cardiac Development
  7. Overview of Vascular Development

Advanced module

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  1. Early Embryonic Heart Fields
  2. The Endocardial Heart Tubes
  3. Cardiac Looping
  4. Cardiac Septation
  5. Outflow Tract Development
  6. Valve Development
  7. Development of the Cardiac Conduction System
  8. Developmental Abnormalities
  9. Molecular Control of Development


Cardiac Embryology     Begin Basic     Begin Intermediate     Begin Advanced  




Cardiovascular Links: cardiovascular | Heart Tutorial | Lecture - Early Vascular | Lecture - Heart | Movies | 2016 Cardiac Review | heart | coronary circulation | heart valve | heart rate | Circulation | blood | blood vessel | blood vessel histology | heart histology | Lymphatic | ductus venosus | spleen | Stage 22 | cardiovascular abnormalities | OMIM | 2012 ECHO Meeting | Category:Cardiovascular
Historic Embryology - Cardiovascular 
1902 Vena cava inferior | 1905 Brain Blood Vessels | 1909 Cervical Veins | 1909 Dorsal aorta and umbilical veins | 1912 Heart | 1912 Human Heart | 1914 Earliest Blood-Vessels | 1915 Congenital Cardiac Disease | 1915 Dura Venous Sinuses | 1916 Blood cell origin | 1916 Pars Membranacea Septi | 1919 Lower Limb Arteries | 1921 Human Brain Vascular | 1921 Spleen | 1922 Aortic-Arch System | 1922 Pig Forelimb Arteries | 1922 Chicken Pulmonary | 1923 Head Subcutaneous Plexus | 1923 Ductus Venosus | 1925 Venous Development | 1927 Stage 11 Heart | 1928 Heart Blood Flow | 1935 Aorta | 1935 Venous valves | 1938 Pars Membranacea Septi | 1938 Foramen Ovale | 1939 Atrio-Ventricular Valves | 1940 Vena cava inferior | 1940 Early Hematopoiesis | 1941 Blood Formation | 1942 Truncus and Conus Partitioning | Ziegler Heart Models | 1951 Heart Movie | 1954 Week 9 Heart | 1957 Cranial venous system | 1959 Brain Arterial Anastomoses | Historic Embryology Papers | 2012 ECHO Meeting | 2016 Cardiac Review | Historic Disclaimer


Glossary Links

Glossary: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Numbers | Symbols | Term Link


Aorta: The largest artery in the human body originating in the left ventricle. The aorta ascends, arches over the heart and then descends through the abdomen.

Atrioventricular canal: Junction between the primitive atrium and primitive ventricle in the embryo. This canal splits to later form two atrioventricular canals which consequently form the valves of the adult heart.

Caudal: Anatomical term referring to structures that are more towards the tail.

Cranial: Anatomical term referring to structures that are more towards the head.

Dorsal: Anatomical term referring to structures that are more towards the back.

Endocardial cushions: Swellings of migrated cells on the inner lining of the heart.

Foramen primum: Original space between the septum primum and the fused endocardial cushions as the septum primum grows towards the cushions.

Foramen secundum: Refers to the coalesced perforations in the septum primum after it has fused with the endocardial cushions.

Interventricular septum: Wall of muscular tissue growing from the base of the heart dividing the primitive ventricle into the left and right ventricles.

Lateral: Anatomical term referring to structures that are away from the midline.

Left atrium: Upper cavity in the left side of the heart. The left atrium forms from the division of the primitive atrium into left and right sides.

Left ventricle: Lower cavity on the left side of the heart. The left ventricle forms from the division of the primitive ventricle into left and right sides.

Medial: Anatomical term referring to structures towards the midline.

Outflow tract: Section of the heart tube where blood exits. The outflow tract forms the major arteries leaving the heart to supply blood to the lungs and rest of the body: the pulmonary artery and the aorta.

Pharynx: (Or throat) Forms the initial segment of the upper respiratory tract divided anatomically into three regions: nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx (hypopharynx). Anatomically extends from the base of the skull to the level of the sixth cervical vertebra.

Primitive atrium: Common cavity in the upper portion of the developing heart. Later divides to form the left and right atria.

Primitive ventricle: Common cavity in the lower portion of the developing heart. Later divides to form the left and right ventricles.

Pulmonary trunk: A vessel that arises from the right ventricle of the heart, extends upward, and divides into the right and left pulmonary arteries that transport deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

Right atrium: Upper cavity in the right side of the heart. The right atrium forms from the division of the primitive atrium into left and right sides.

Right ventricle: Lower cavity on the right side of the heart. The right ventricle forms from the division of the primitive ventricle into left and right sides.

Septum primum: Original structure growing from the roof of the heart towards the endocardial cushions dividing the primitive atrium.

Septum secundum: Second structure growing to the right of the septum primum dividing the primitive atrium.

Sinus venosus: An early developmental cardiovascular structure, thin walled cavity, forming the input to developing heart which has 3 venous inputs (vitelline vein, umbilical vein, common cardinal vein). Later in heart development this structure gets incorporated into the wall of the future right atrium.

Ventral: Anatomical term referring to structures that are more towards the front.



Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, March 19) Embryology Cardiac Embryology. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Cardiac_Embryology

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© Dr Mark Hill 2024, UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4 - UNSW CRICOS Provider Code No. 00098G


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